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Client money: Difference between revisions
→When do client money obligations arise?
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In a nutshell, when you give someone money ''apropos'' nothing in particular. Generally, there are two reasons you might pay money to someone else: <br> | In a nutshell, when you give someone money ''apropos'' nothing in particular. Generally, there are two reasons you might pay money to someone else: <br> | ||
'''The general case''': ''Because you owe it under a contract.'' | '''The general case, where [[client money]] does not apply''': ''Because you owe it under a contract.'' | ||
*In some cases (for example a {{tag|CSA}} or even a [[loan]]) the payee might in turn have to pay some money back to you at a later date. But you are exposed to the payee’s credit risk in the mean time: you are a '''creditor'''. | *In some cases (for example a {{tag|CSA}} or even a [[loan]]) the payee might in turn have to pay some money back to you at a later date. But you are exposed to the payee’s credit risk in the mean time: you are a '''creditor'''. | ||
*This general case does '''not''' involve [[client money]] (see {{tag|CASS}} {{Cassprov|7.11.25}}). | *This general case does '''not''' involve [[client money]] (see {{tag|CASS}} {{Cassprov|7.11.25}}). | ||
*You could say this is “title transfer” of [[cash]], but you don't need to, because all delivery of cash it title transfer. There ''is'' no title to cash. <br> | *You could say this is “title transfer” of [[cash]], but you don't need to, because all delivery of cash it title transfer. There ''is'' no title to cash. <br> | ||
'''The special case''': ''Because you want your counterparty to look after it for you, in connection with some other service it is providing you.'' | '''The special case where [[client money]] might apply''': ''Because you want your counterparty to look after it for you, in connection with some other service — {{fcaprov|designated investment business}} for example (there are many others) — it is providing you.'' | ||
*Here, you | *Here, you don’t owe the payee anything. The only contract you have arises because it has agreed to look after your money for you. | ||
*This special case is a sort of safekeeping: it is a regulated activity. In the UK it is regulated by the {{tag|FCA}} under the [[Client Asset Sourcebook]] (fondly known as the {{tag|CASS}} rules). | *This special case is a sort of safekeeping: it is a regulated activity. In the UK it is regulated by the {{tag|FCA}} under the [[Client Asset Sourcebook]] (fondly known as the {{tag|CASS}} rules). | ||
*Now this special case creates a [[Metaphysics|metaphysical]] problem, because when you look after something, you’re not meant to take ownership of it. | *Now this special case creates a [[Metaphysics|metaphysical]] problem, because when you look after something, you’re not meant to take ownership of it. You’re just a {{tag|custodian}}. But as noted above, you ''can’t'' "just look after" someone else’s cash. | ||
*This necessitates two things: | *This necessitates two things: | ||
**''First'': A person agreeing to look after your money can’t keep it: it must pass it on to someone else to look after, and since — hang on: that creates an infinite regression doesn’t it? — therefore... | **''First'': A person agreeing to look after your money can’t keep it: it must pass it on to someone else to look after, and since — hang on: that creates an infinite regression doesn’t it? — therefore... | ||