Innovation paradox: Difference between revisions

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{{a|tech|
{{a|tech|{{image|2cv ad|jpg|{{maxim|To increase efficiency, seek to remove technology from the workplace}}}} }}{{quote|
[[File:Guevara.jpg|450px|thumb|center|A guerrilla in a room, yesterday.]]
{{frog and scorpion}}
<br><br>}}The Jolly Contrarian's contrarian advice : {{maxim|to increase efficiency, seek to remove technology from the workplace}}.  
:—Folk tale}}
{{quote|{{maxim|To increase efficiency, seek to remove technology from the workplace}}.
::— The [[JC]]’s maxims for a happy life.}}


You didn’t expect ''that'' now, did you?
Behold, the [[Innovation paradox]]: Why does [[legaltech]] promise so much but deliver so little?


Why do [[reg tech]] solutions promise so much but deliver so little? This is the [[Innovation paradox]]. ''Is'' it a {{tag|paradox}}, though?
''Is'' it a {{tag|paradox}}, though?


=== "We don't pay lawyers to type, son" ===
Things weren’t so bad in 1975. There was a natural limit on legal wrangling. Making any edit during a negotiation would mean ''retyping the entire page''. And posting it in. And having it posted back. In carbon triplicate.  
Classic example: computers and the law. In 1975, when you wanted to edit a legal {{t|contract}} during the negotiation that would mean retyping the entire page. Hence, legal comments in a [[negotiation]] were necessarily bounded by the effort and time of recreating the document. There was an art to saying something once, clearly and precisely. Since editing was [[waste]]ful exercise, superficial amendment was not, [[for the avoidance of doubt]], the apparently<ref>But not actually. See: ''[[Waste]]''.</ref> costless frippery it is today.


Things weren’t so bad in 1975. There was a natural limit on legal wrangling. The physical cost partly negated the [[anal paradox]].
Hence, [[negotiation]] was necessarily bounded by the effort and time in recreating and circulating the document — by ''post''. The lawyer’s art was to say something once, clearly and precisely. Since any editing was clearly [[waste]]ful, superficial amendment was not the apparently<ref>But not actually. See: ''[[Waste]]''.</ref> costless frippery it is today.


By 1995 lawyers had computers on their desks, and the traditional refrain<ref>I actually had an office manager say this to me, as a young attorney. True story</ref> "we don't pay lawyers to type, son" was beginning to lose its force.  
By the nineties, the office manager’s refrain “''we don’t pay lawyers to type, son''” had lost its force. We had terminals on our desks, next to the executive model ''Dictaphone{{tm}}''. By the millennium, we didn’t even need a business case ''to get the internet''.  


Suddenly, it was easy to re-spawn documents, to tweak clauses, shove in [[rider|riders]] — to futz around with words. Generating and sending documents was free and instantaneous. Negotiations quickly became convoluted and elongated. You argued about trifles because you ''could''. It also lowered the bar: certain types of contract, which previously could not justify their own existence, let alone legal negotiation, could now be thrashed out and argued about.  
Suddenly, we could spawn docs, tweak clauses, shove in [[rider|riders]] — ''endlessly'' futz around with words. Generating and sending documents was free and instantaneous. It was like the sorcerer’s apprentice. {{author|Stanley Fish}} even wrote a [[How to Write a Sentence: And How to Read One - Book Review|book]] about it.


Far from accelerating negotiations or enhancing productivity, [[technology]] gave us free rein to indulge our yen for pedantry. Are there any fewer lawyers today? No.<ref>There are more than ever: [https://www.lawgazette.co.uk/news/warning-as-number-of-solicitors-tops-140000/5063349.article The number of practising solicitors in England and Wales has reached another all-time high] — ''Law Gazette''.</ref> Are there more deals being done? No.<ref>The number of M&A deals peaked in — you guessed it - [[Global financial crisis|2007]]: [https://imaa-institute.org/mergers-and-acquisitions-statistics/ Number & value of M&A deals worldwide since 2000]  — ''The Institute for Mergers, Acquisitions and Alliances''.</ref>. Is there more paper? You bet. Now, to be sure, I have no data for this last assertion — where would you get them? — but there is no doubt the variety, length and textual density of legal {{t|contracts}} ''exploded'' after 1990. The more technology we have thrown at it, the longer and crappier our contracts have become.
Suddenly [[contract]]s were concluded in a flash, right?  


Yet, yet yet: many painful artefacts of the analogue era — the gremlins and hair-balls you would expect [[technology]] to remove — persist to this day. We still have [[side letter]]s and [[amendment agreement]]s. We still, solemnly, write: “[[this page is intentionally left blank]]”. We still say “[[this clause is reserved]]”, as if we haven’t noticed [[Microsoft Word]] now has an automatic numbering system<ref>It is a truth universally acknowledged that no [[lawyer]] on God’s earth can competently format a document in Microsoft Word]].</ref>. Not only has [[reg tech|regtech]] ''failed'' to remove legacy complexities, ''it has created entirely new ones.''
''Wrong''.  


[[File:Fractal.jpg|300px|thumb|right|A [[fractal]] yesterday. Can you see the [[lawyer]] descending towards it in his extra-vehicular lander?]]
Far from ''accelerating'' [[negotiation]]s, [[technology]] gave us free rein to indulge our yen for pedantry. [[Cross acceleration|''Cross''-acceleration]], if you like. Negotiations got longer. The issues got more prolix. We argued about trifles because we ''could''. We danced on the head of a pin, because we ''could''.  
Why is this? Is it not obvious? It is a function of the [[incentive|incentives]] at play. [[Lawyer]]s and [[negotiator]]s are remunerated by time taken. They are rewarded for the complexity and sophistication of their analysis.  ''Lawyers don’t want to simplify.'' Lawyers don’t ''want'' to truncate. That isn’t in their nature. It is contrary to their nature. ''This is not what lawyers will use technology for.'' Lawyers will use technology to find new complexities. To eliminate further risks. To descend closer to the [[fractal]] shore of [[risk]] that it is their sacred quest to police. But that shore ''is'' [[fractal]]. However close you get, the risks remain.  


Technology has ''brilliantly'' enabled lawyers to showcase the sophistication and complexity of their syntax. In a nutshell: We lawyers use technology to ''indulge'' ourselves.<ref>There is a serious point here for people (like me) who argue that technology implementations should be driven as far as possible by users at the coalface. And that is to bear in mind that the interests of users at the coalface are not necessarily aligned with those of the organisation for which they are working.</ref>
And technology lowered the bar: certain [[contract]]s, which previously could not justify their own existence, let alone human negotiation, could now be thrashed out in infinite, infinitesimal detail. We argued about not just trifles, but pavlovas, puddings, flans, flummeries —even fricking self-saucing sponges. ''Because we could''.
 
''That’s what lawyers do. [[It is not in my nature|It is in our nature]]''.
 
Yet, yet yet: many painful artefacts of the analogue era — the gremlins and hair-balls you would expect [[technology]] to remove — ''persist''. To this day, we ''still'' have [[side letter]]s and [[amendment agreement]]s. We ''still'' write: “[[this page is intentionally left blank]]”. We — well, our [[US Attorney|American]] friends, at any rate — ''still'' say “[[this clause is reserved]],” as if we haven’t noticed [[Microsoft Word]] has an automatic paragraph numbering system.<ref>Albeit one that almost no-one knows how to use. It is a truth universally acknowledged that no [[lawyer]] on God’s earth can competently format a document in [[Microsoft Word]].</ref> Not only has [[legaltech]] ''failed'' to remove legacy [[Complication|complications]], ''it has created entirely new ones.''
 
*Are there any fewer lawyers today? No.<ref>There are more than ever: [https://www.lawgazette.co.uk/news/warning-as-number-of-solicitors-tops-140000/5063349.article The number of practising solicitors in England and Wales has reached another all-time high] — ''Law Gazette''.</ref>
 
*Are more deals being done? No.<ref>The number of M&A deals peaked in — you guessed it - [[Global financial crisis|2007]]: [https://imaa-institute.org/mergers-and-acquisitions-statistics/ Number & value of M&A deals worldwide since 2000]  — ''The Institute for Mergers, Acquisitions and Alliances''.</ref>
 
*Are there more words? My oath there are.<ref>Now, to be sure, I have no data for this last assertion — where would you get them? — but there is no doubt the variety, length and textual density of legal {{t|contract}}s ''exploded'' after 1990.</ref>
 
The more [[technology]] we have thrown at “[[the legal problem]]”, the longer and crappier our [[contract]]s have become. A curious type might pause to wonder ''why''. Surprisingly few have.<ref>Not even those professionally motivated to do so: futurologists of the law have forged whole academic careers by predicting a [[The Singularity is Near - Book Review|legal dystopia]] which seems, in thirty years, only sclerotically to have got any nearer. [[A World Without Work: Technology, Automation, and How We Should Respond - Book Review|A world without work]]? Fat chance.</ref>
 
Why isn’t technology helping?
 
Let me hazard a guess. To be sure, Andy has given, but it wasn’t Bill who took away.<ref>Let me [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andy_and_Bill%27s_law Google that cultural reference for you].</ref> So who was it? ''All of us''. You and me, readers: we [[legal eagle|nit-picky, care-worn, pedantic attorneys]]. It is a function of the [[Agency problem|incentives]] at play. We [[lawyer]]s and [[negotiator]]s are remunerated by the time we take and the [[value]] we add. We “add value” in the shape of ''words''. We put them in and we take them out. We are rewarded for the complexity and sophistication of our analysis.
 
That means, we ''fiddle''.
 
''Lawyers don’t want to simplify.'' Lawyers don’t ''want'' to truncate. ''[[It is not in my nature|That is not their nature]]''. It is ''contrary'' to their nature. ''That is not what lawyers will use technology for.'' Lawyers will use technology to find ''new'' complexities. To eliminate ''further'' risks. To descend closer to the [[fractal]] shore of [[risk]] that it is their sacred quest to police.
 
If your principle goal is to simplify, [[technology]] will help. But if your goal is livelihood-preservation through confusion, obfuscation and distraction, ''[[technology]] is your weapon''. Thus has it ''brilliantly'' enabled lawyers to showcase the sophistication and complexity of their syntax. In a nutshell: We use [[technology]] to ''indulge'' ourselves.<ref>There is a serious point here for people who argue that technology implementations should be driven as far as possible by users at the coalface. And that is to bear in mind that the interests of users at the coalface are not necessarily aligned with those of the organisation for which they are working.</ref>


{{sa}}
{{sa}}
*[[e-discovery]]
*[[Boilerplate]]
*[[ClauseHub]]
*[[Innovation]]
*[[Natural language processing]]
*[[Natural language processing]]
*[[Reg tech]]
*[[Legaltech]]
{{c|paradox}}
{{c|paradox}}
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