Template:Isda 3(d) summ: Difference between revisions

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The {{{{{1}}}|3(d)}} representation, in the {{isdaprov|documents for delivery}} table in the {{isdaprov|Schedule}}, therefore covers only the ''accuracy and completeness'' of {{{{{1}}}|Specified Information}} and not (for example) whether {{{{{1}}}|Specified Information}} is delivered ''at all''. For that, see Section {{{{{1}}}|4(a)}} - {{{{{1}}}|Furnish Specified Information}}.
The {{{{{1}}}|3(d)}} representation, in the {{isdaprov|documents for delivery}} table in the {{isdaprov|Schedule}}, therefore covers only the ''accuracy and completeness'' of {{{{{1}}}|Specified Information}} and not (for example) whether {{{{{1}}}|Specified Information}} is delivered ''at all''. For that, see Section {{{{{1}}}|4(a)}} - {{{{{1}}}|Furnish Specified Information}}.


===“Covered by the Section {{{{{1}}}|3(d)}} Representation”===
=====“Covered by the Section {{{{{1}}}|3(d)}} Representation”=====
If one is required to “[[Furnish Specified Information - ISDA Provision|furnish]]” {{{{{1}}}|Specified Information}} under Section {{{{{1}}}|4}}, two things can go wrong:
If one is required to “[[Furnish Specified Information - ISDA Provision|furnish]]” {{{{{1}}}|Specified Information}} under Section {{{{{1}}}|4}}, two things can go wrong:
*'''No show''': one can ''fail'' to provide it, ''at all'', in which case there is a {{{{{1}}}|Breach of Agreement}}, but be warned: the [[Grace period|period]] before one can enforce such a failure, judged by the yardstick of modern financial contracts, is long enough for a whole kingdom of dinosaurs to [[evolve]] and be wiped out; or
*'''It’s cobblers''': one ''can'' provide the {{{{{1}}}|Specified Information}}, on time, but it can be a total pile of ''horse ordure''. Now, here is a [[trick for young players]]: if your {{{{{1}}}|Specified Information}} is, or turns out to be, false, you have no remedy ''unless'' you have designated that it is “subject to the Section {{{{{1}}}|3(d)}} [[representation]]”. That is the one that promises it is accurate and not misleading.


'''No show''': One can ''fail'' to provide it, ''at all'', in which case there is a {{{{{1}}}|Breach of Agreement}}, but be warned: the [[Grace period|period]] before one can enforce such a failure, judged by the yardstick of modern financial contracts, is long enough for a whole kingdom of dinosaurs to [[evolve]] and be wiped out; or
'''It’s cobblers''': One ''can'' provide the {{{{{1}}}|Specified Information}}, on time, but it can be a total pile of ''horse ordure''. Now, here is a [[trick for young players]]: if your {{{{{1}}}|Specified Information}} is, or turns out to be, false, you have no remedy ''unless'' you have designated that it is “subject to the Section {{{{{1}}}|3(d)}} [[representation]]”. That is the one that promises it is accurate and not misleading.
=====Might Section 3(d) ''not'' cover a representation?=====
Now you might ask what good an item of {{{{{1}}}|Specified Information}} can possibly be, if Section {{{{{1}}}|3(d)}} ''didn’t'' apply and it could be just made up on the spot without fear of retribution — as a youngster, the [[JC]] certainly asked that question, and has repeated it over many years, and is yet to hear a good answer — but all we can presume is that in its tireless quest to cater for the unguessable predilections of the [[Negotiator|negotiating community]], {{icds}} left this preposterous option open ''just in case''. It wouldn’t be the first time.   
Now you might ask what good an item of {{{{{1}}}|Specified Information}} can possibly be, if Section {{{{{1}}}|3(d)}} ''didn’t'' apply and it could be just made up on the spot without fear of retribution — as a youngster, the [[JC]] certainly asked that question, and has repeated it over many years, and is yet to hear a good answer — but all we can presume is that in its tireless quest to cater for the unguessable predilections of the [[Negotiator|negotiating community]], {{icds}} left this preposterous option open ''just in case''. It wouldn’t be the first time.   


A trawl through the [[SEC]]’s “Edgar” archive<ref>[https://www.google.com/search?q=%22ISDA+Master+Agreement%22+site%3Ahttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.sec.gov You are welcome.]</ref> reveals that the sorts of things to which “[[Covered by Section 3(d) Representation]]” results in a “No.” outcome are rare but not non-existent. It is things like “Legal opinion from counsel concerning due authorization, enforceability and related matters, addressed to the other party and reasonably acceptable to such other party”, or  “Credit support documents”.
=====Legal opinions, and Credit Support Documents=====
A trawl through the [[SEC]]’s “Edgar” archive<ref>[https://www.google.com/search?q=%22ISDA+Master+Agreement%22+site%3Ahttps%3A%2F%2Fwww.sec.gov You are welcome.]</ref> reveals that the sorts of things to which “[[Covered by Section 3(d) Representation]]” results in a “No” outcome are ''rare'' — but not non-existent. It is things like “[[Legal opinion]] from counsel concerning due authorization, enforceability and related matters, addressed to the other party and reasonably acceptable to such other party”, or  “{{{{{1}}}|Credit Support Document}}s”. {{seedetail}}


=====Annual reports=====
The other little fiddle — and it ''is'' a little fidgety fiddle — is to remark of annual reports that, yes, they ''are'' covered by that Section 3(d) representation, ''but'' with a [[proviso]]:
The other little fiddle — and it ''is'' a little fidgety fiddle — is to remark of annual reports that, yes, they ''are'' covered by that Section 3(d) representation, ''but'' with a [[proviso]]:
{{quote|“Yes; ''provided that'' the phrase “is, as of the date of the information, true, accurate and complete in every material respect” in Section {{{{{1}}}|3(d)}} shall be deleted and the phrase “fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations as of their respective dates and for the respective periods covered thereby” shall be inserted in lieu thereof.”}}
{{quote|“Yes; ''provided that'' the phrase “is, as of the date of the information, true, accurate and complete in every material respect” in Section {{{{{1}}}|3(d)}} shall be deleted and the phrase “fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations as of their respective dates and for the respective periods covered thereby” shall be inserted in lieu thereof.”}}
These are the only examples we could find before we got bored looking. In each case we are not persuaded these caveats accommodate anyone other than our value-adding learned friends:
====Legal opinions====
We suppose this is excluded because the Party to the ISDA is not the author of the legal opinion, nor professionally competent to pass on its contents (hence the need for the legal opinion in the first place), so should hardly be expected to be held to account should it turn out to be wrong.
But this, we submit, is to misunderstand in a profound way the point of a legal contract. Unlike criminal or even tort law, the law of contract is not an instrument of moral judgment. It cares only about economics: that one does, or does not, do what one has promised or — as in this case — that what one has represented to you is, or is not, true. The law of contract is broadly incurious about ''why''.
The object of a legal opinion is to confirm the accuracy of a legal representation. Instead of simply representing that, for example, you have the regulatory permission to act as a swap dealer, you have a legal opinion to confirms that fact, from one who should know.  If what that that legal opinion says is not true — if that one who ''should'' know in fact does not — then regardless of whose fault this is, or how egregious has been her negligence in being at fault, the regulatory permission required does not obtain, and the comfort your counterparty seeks from that legal opinion is misplaced. The representation is false, and the counterparty should be allowed out as a result.
====Credit Support documents====
====Annual reports====