Template:GMRA 2000 10

10. Events of Default
10(a) If any of the following events (each an “Event of Default”) occurs in relation to either party (the “Defaulting Party”, the other party being the “Non-Defaulting Party”) whether acting as Seller or Buyer -

10(a)(i) Buyer fails to pay the Purchase Price upon the applicable Purchase Date or Seller fails to pay the Repurchase Price upon the applicable Repurchase Date, and the Defaulting Party serves a Default Notice on the Defaulting Party; or

10(a)(ii) if the parties have specified in Annex I hereto that this sub paragraph shall apply, Seller fails to deliver Purchased Securities on the Purchase Date or Buyer fails to deliver Equivalent Securities on the Repurchase Date, and the Defaulting Party serves a Default Notice on the Defaulting Party; or

10(a)(iii) Seller or Buyer fails to pay when due any sum payable under sub paragraph (g) or (h) below, and the Defaulting Party serves a Default Notice on the Defaulting Party; or

10(a)(iv) Seller or Buyer fails to comply with paragraph 4 and the Defaulting Party serves a Default Notice on the Defaulting Party; or

10(a)(v) Seller or Buyer fails to comply with paragraph 5 and the Defaulting Party serves a Default Notice on the Defaulting Party; or

10(a)(vi) an Act of Insolvency occurs with respect to Seller or Buyer and (except in the case of an Act of Insolvency which is the presentation of a petition for winding up or any analogous proceeding or the appointment of a liquidator or analogous officer of the Defaulting Party in which case no such notice shall be required) the Defaulting Party serves a Default Notice on the Defaulting Party; or

10(a)(vii) any representations made by Seller or Buyer are incorrect or untrue in any material respect when made or repeated or deemed to have been made or repeated, and the Defaulting Party serves a Default Notice on the Defaulting Party; or

10(a)(viii) Seller or Buyer admits to the other that it is unable to, or intends not to, perform any of its obligations hereunder and/or in respect of any Transaction and the Defaulting Party serves a Default Notice on the Defaulting Party; or

10(a)(ix) Seller or Buyer is suspended or expelled from membership of or participation in any securities exchange or association or other self-regulating organisation, or suspended from dealing in securities by any government agency, or any of the assets of either Seller or Buyer or the assets of investors held by, or to the order of, Seller or Buyer are transferred or ordered to be transferred to a trustee by a regulatory authority pursuant to any securities regulating legislation and the Defaulting Party serves a Default Notice on the Defaulting Party; or

10(a)(x) Seller or Buyer fails to perform any other of its obligations hereunder and does not remedy such failure within 30 days after notice is given by the Non-Defaulting Party requiring it to do so, and the Defaulting Party serves a Default Notice on the Defaulting Party; then sub paragraphs (b) to (f) below shall apply.

10(b) The Repurchase Date for each Transaction hereunder shall be deemed immediately to occur and, subject to the following provisions, all Cash Margin (including interest accrued) shall be immediately repayable and Equivalent Margin Securities shall be immediately deliverable (and so that, where this sub paragraph applies, performance of the respective obligations of the parties with respect to the delivery of Securities, the payment of the Repurchase Prices for any Equivalent Securities and the repayment of any Cash Margin shall be effected only in accordance with the provisions of sub paragraph 10(c) below).
10(c)

(i) The Default Market Values of the Equivalent Securities and any Equivalent Margin Securities to be transferred, the amount of any Cash Margin (including the amount of interest accrued) to be transferred and the Repurchase Prices to be paid by each party shall be established by the non-Defaulting Party for all Transactions as at the Repurchase Date; and

(ii) on the basis of the sums so established, an account shall be taken (as at the Repurchase Date) of what is due from each party to the other under this Agreement (on the basis that each party's claim against the other in respect of the transfer to it of Equivalent Securities or Equivalent Margin Securities under this Agreement equals the Default Market Value therefor) and the sums due from one party shall be set off against the sums due from the other and only the balance of the account shall be payable (by the party having the claim valued at the lower amount pursuant to the foregoing) and such balance shall be due and payable on the next following Business Day. For the purposes of this calculation, all sums not denominated in the Base Currency shall be converted into the Base Currency on the relevant date at the Spot Rate prevailing at the relevant time.

10(d) For the purposes of this Agreement, the “Default Market Value” of any Equivalent Securities or Equivalent Margin Securities shall be determined in accordance with sub paragraph {{gmraprov|(e) below, and for this purpose

(i) the “Appropriate Market” means, in relation to Securities of any description, the market which is the most Appropriate Market for Securities of that description, as determined by the non Defaulting Party;

(ii) the “Default Valuation Time” means, in relation to an Event of Default, the close of business in the Appropriate Market on the fifth dealing day after the day on which that Event of Default occurs or, where that Event of Default is the occurrence of an Act of Insolvency in respect of which under paragraph 10(a) no notice is required from the non-Defaulting Party in order for such event to constitute an Event of Default, the close of business on the fifth dealing day after the day on which the non-Defaulting Party first became aware of the occurrence of such Event of Default;

(iii) “Deliverable Securities” means Equivalent Securities or Equivalent Margin Securities to be delivered by the Defaulting Party;

(iv) “Net Value” means at any time, in relation to any Deliverable Securities or Receivable Securities, the amount which, in the reasonable opinion of the non Defaulting Party, represents their fair market value, having regard to such pricing sources and methods (which may include, without limitation, available prices for Securities with similar maturities, terms and credit characteristics as the relevant Equivalent Securities or Equivalent Margin Securities) as the non-Defaulting Party considers appropriate, less, in the case of Receivable Securities, or plus, on the case of Deliverable Securities, all Transaction Costs which would be incurred in connection with the purchase or sale of such Securities;

(v) “Receivable Securities” means Equivalent Securities or Equivalent Margin Securities to be delivered to the Defaulting Party; and

(vi) “Transaction Costs” in relation to any Transaction contemplated in paragraph 10(d) or 10(e) means the reasonable costs, commission, fees and expenses (including any mark up or mark down) that would be incurred in connection with the purchase of Deliverable Securities or sale of Receivable Securities, calculated on the assumption that the aggregate thereof is the least that could reasonably be expected to be paid in order to carry out the Transaction;

10(e)

(i) If between the occurrence of the relevant Event of Default and the Default Valuation Time the non-Defaulting Party gives to the Defaulting Party a written notice (a “Default Valuation Notice”) which

(A) states that, since the occurrence of the relevant Event of Default, the non-Defaulting Party has sold, in the case of Receivable Securities, or purchased, in the case of Deliverable Securities, Securities which form part of the same issue and are of an identical type and description as those Equivalent Securities or Equivalent Margin Securities, and that the non-Defaulting Party elects to treat as the Default Market Value

(aa) in the case of Receivable Securities, the net proceeds of such sale after deducting all reasonable costs, fees and expenses incurred in connection therewith (provided that, where the Securities sold are not identical in amount to the Equivalent Securities or Equivalent Margin Securities, the non-Defaulting Party may either (x) elect to treat such net proceeds of sale divided by the amount of Securities sold and multiplied by the amount of the Equivalent Securities or Equivalent Margin Securities as the Default Market Value or (y) elect to treat such net proceeds of sale of the Equivalent Securities or Equivalent Margin Securities actually sold as the Default Market Value of that proportion of the Equivalent Securities or Equivalent Margin Securities, and, in the case of (y), the Default Market Value of the balance of the Equivalent Securities or Equivalent Margin Securities shall be determined separately in accordance with the provisions of this paragraph 10(e)}} and accordingly may be the subject of a separate notice (or notices) under this paragraph 10(e)(i)}}; or

(bb) in the case of Deliverable Securities, the aggregate cost of such purchase, including all reasonable costs, fees and expenses incurred in connection therewith (provided that, where the Securities purchased are not identical in amount to the Equivalent Securities or Equivalent Margin Securities, the non-Defaulting Party may either (x) elect to treat such aggregate cost divided by the amount of Securities sold and multiplied by the amount of the Equivalent Securities or Equivalent Margin Securities as the Default Market Value or (y) elect to treat the aggregate cost of purchasing the Equivalent Securities or Equivalent Margin Securities actually purchased as the Default Market Value of that proportion of the Equivalent Securities or Equivalent Margin Securities, and, in the case of (y), the Default Market Value of the balance of the Equivalent Securities or Equivalent Margin Securities shall be determined separately in accordance with the provisions of this paragraph 10(e)}} and accordingly may be the subject of a separate notice (or notices) under this paragraph 10(e)(i)}}

(B) states - that the non-Defaulting Party has received, in the case of Deliverable Securities, offer quotations or, in the case of ReceivableSecurities, bid quotations in respect of Securities of the relevant description from two or more market makers or regular dealers in the Appropriate Market in a commercially reasonable size (as determined by the non Defaulting Party) and specifies –

(aa) the price or prices quoted by each of them for, in the case of Deliverable Securities, the sale by the relevant market marker or dealer of such Securities or, in the case of Receivable Securities, the purchase by the relevant market maker or dealer of such Securities;

(bb) the Transaction Costs which would be incurred in connection with such a Transaction; and

(cc) that the non-Defaulting Party elects to treat the price so quoted (or, where more than one price is so quoted, the arithmetic mean of the prices so quoted), after deducting, in the case of Receivable Securities, or adding, in the case of Deliverable Securities, such Transaction Costs, as the Default Market Value of the relevant Equivalent Securities or Equivalent Margin Securities;

(C) states

(aa) that either (x) acting in good faith, the non-Defaulting Party has endeavoured but been unable to sell or purchase Securities in accordance with sub paragraph 10(e)(i)(A) above or to obtain quotations in accordance with sub paragraph 10(e)(i)(B) above (or both) or (y) the non-Defaulting Party has determined that it would not be commercially reasonable to obtain such quotations, or that it would ' not be commercially reasonable to use any quotations which it has obtained under sub paragraph {{gmraprov|10(e)(i)(B) above; and

(bb) that the non-Defaulting Party has determined the Net Value of the relevant Equivalent Securities or Equivalent Margin Securities (which shall be specified) and that the non-Defaulting Party elects to treat such Net Value as the Default Market Value of the relevant Equivalent Securities or Equivalent Margin Securities, then the Default Market Value of the relevant Equivalent Securities or Equivalent Margin Securities shall be an amount equal to the Default Market Value specified in accordance with (A), (B)(cc) or, as the case may be, (C)(bb) above.

(ii) If by the Default Valuation Time the non-Defaulting Party has not given a Default Valuation Notice, the Default Market Value of the relevant Equivalent Securities or Equivalent Margin Securities shall be an amount equal to their Net Value at the Default Valuation Time; provided that, if at the Default Valuation Time the non-Defaulting Party reasonably determines that, owing to circumstances affecting the market in the Equivalent Securities or Equivalent Margin Securities in question, it is not possible for the non-Defaulting Party to determine a Net Value of such Equivalent Securities or Equivalent Margin Securities which is commercially reasonable, the Default Market Value of such Equivalent Securities or Equivalent Margin Securities shall be an amount equal to their Net Value as determined by the non-Defaulting Party as soon as reasonably practicable after the Default Valuation Time.

10(f) The Defaulting Party shall be liable to the non-Defaulting Party for the amount of all reasonable legal and other professional expenses incurred by the non-Defaulting Party in connection with or as a consequence of an Event of Default, together with interest thereon at LIBOR or, in the case of an expense attributable to a particular Transaction, the Pricing Rate for the relevant Transaction if that Pricing Rate is greater than LIBOR.
10(g) If Seller fails to deliver Purchased Securities to Buyer on the applicable Purchase Date Buyer may

(i) if it has paid the Purchase Price to Seller, require Seller immediately to repay the sum so paid;

(ii) if Buyer has a Transaction Exposure to Seller in respect of the relevant Transaction, require Seller from time to time to pay Cash Margin at least equal to such Transaction Exposure;

(iii) at any time while such failure continues, terminate the Transaction by giving written notice to Seller. On such termination the obligations of Seller and Buyer with respect to delivery of Purchased Securities and Equivalent Securities shall terminate and Seller shall pay to Buyer an amount equal to the excess of the Repurchase Price at the date of Termination over the Purchase Price.

10(h) If Buyer fails to deliver Equivalent Securities to Seller on the applicable Repurchase Date Seller may

(i) if it has paid the Repurchase Price to Buyer, require Buyer immediately to repay the sum so paid;

(ii) if Seller has a Transaction Exposure to Buyer in respect of the relevant Transaction, require Buyer from time to time to pay Cash Margin at least equal to such Transaction Exposure;

(iii) at any time while such failure continues, by written notice to Buyer declare that that Transaction (but only that Transaction) shall be terminated immediately in accordance with sub paragraph 10(c) above (disregarding for this purpose references in that sub paragraph to transfer of Cash Margin and delivery of Equivalent Margin Securities and as if references to the Repurchase Date were to the date on which notice was given under this sub¬paragraph).

10(i) The provisions of this Agreement constitute a complete statement of the remedies available to each party in respect of any Event of Default.
10(j) Subject to paragraph 10(k), neither party may claim any sum by way of consequential loss or damage in the event of a failure by the other party to perform any of its obligations under this Agreement.
10(k)

(i) Subject to sub paragraph {{gmraprov|(ii) below, if as a result of a Transaction terminating before its agreed Repurchase Date under paragraphs 10(b), 10(g)(iii) or10(h)(iii), the non Defaulting Party, in the case of paragraph 10(b), Buyer, in the case of paragraph 10(g)(iii), or Seller, in the case of paragraph 10(h)(iii), (in each case the “first party”) incurs any loss or expense in entering into replacement Transactions, the other party shall be required to pay to the first party the amount determined by the first party in good faith to be equal to the loss or expense incurred in connection with such replacement Transactions (including all fees, costs and other expenses) less the amount of any profit or gain made by that party in connection with such replacement Transactions; provided that if that calculation results in a negative number, an amount equal to that number shall be payable by the first party to the other party.

(ii) If the first party reasonably decides, instead of entering into such replacement Transactions, to replace or unwind any hedging Transactions which the first party entered into in connection with the Transaction so terminating, or to enter into any replacement hedging Transactions, the other party shall be required to pay to the first party the amount determined by the first party in good faith to be equal to the loss or expense incurred in connection with entering into such replacement or unwinding (including all fees, costs and other expenses) less the amount of any profit or gain made by that party in connection with such replacement or unwinding; provided that if that calculation results in a negative number, an amount equal to that number shall be payable by the first party to the other party.

10(l) Each party shall immediately notify the other if an Event of Default, or an event which, upon the serving of a Default Notice, would be an Event of Default, occurs in relation to it.