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| You might think there is some scope for fraud here, and you might be right. There are many provisions on the Bills of Exchange act about that. | | You might think there is some scope for fraud here, and you might be right. There are many provisions on the Bills of Exchange act about that. |
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| ===History: Lord Mansfield and all that===
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| Historian Jane Samson<ref>[https://sites.ualberta.ca/~janes/cv.htm Jane Samson at University of Alberta]</ref> wrote an excellent article in the Dalhousie Law Journal in 1988, from which some of this history is taken.<ref>[https://digitalcommons.schulichlaw.dal.ca/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1518 Jane D. Samson, ''Lord Mansfield and Negotiable Instruments'' (1988) 11:3 Dal LJ 931]</ref>
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| In {{cite|Heylyn|Adamson}} Lord Mansfield drew a distinction betweem “inland [[bill of exchange|bills of exchange]]” where the drawee is to pay, and “[[Promissory note|notes of hand]]” (now called [[promissory note|promissory notes]]) where the drawer is to pay (that is, drawer and drawee are the same person.
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| ''Addressed'' promissory notes — those not made out to bearer — are bilateral arrangements, until they are negotiated to a third party, at which point they look exactly like bills of exchange — the act of “negotiating” and “drawing” being economically equivalent.
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