Spandrel

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Spandrel
/ˈspændrᵊl/ (n.)
A roughly triangular space, between the top of an arch and a rectangular frame, between the tops of two adjacent arches, or one of the four spaces between a circle within a square. They are frequently filled with decorative elements.

Made famous by the late great Stephen Jay Gould in his neo-Darwinist-bunking paper The spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian paradigm: a critique of the adaptationist programme, which you absolutely must read.

See also